Ethiopia’s Somaliland Port Deal Sparks Regional Tensions

Ethiopia’s recent port agreement with Somaliland has ignited tensions across the Horn of Africa, prompting Somalia’s president to take symbolic action against the deal. The memorandum of understanding, signed between Somaliland and Ethiopia, outlines plans for sea access in exchange for Ethiopian recognition of Somaliland’s independence. However, this move has led to a backlash from Somalia, resulting in the signing of a bill to nullify the preliminary agreement.

Somaliland, which declared independence from Somalia in 1991, operates autonomously and has sought international recognition. The recent memorandum suggests a potential future pact between Ethiopia and Somaliland, granting Ethiopia access to the Gulf of Aden with a naval base. In return, Somaliland could receive shares in Ethiopian Airlines and recognition of its independence.

The details of the memorandum remain contested, with officials stating that Ethiopia would be granted 20km of land along Somaliland’s Gulf of Aden coast for at least 50 years. This would be accompanied by Ethiopia granting Somaliland an equivalent value of shares in Ethiopian Airlines.

Despite the potential benefits outlined in the agreement, it has faced significant international condemnation. Somalia views the deal as an act of “aggression,” leading to the recall of its ambassador from Ethiopia. The United States, a key aid and security partner for both Somaliland and Somalia, has called for dialogue, emphasizing the recognition of Somalia within its 1960 borders.

The UK and other entities, including the European Union, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and Arab League, have urged Ethiopia to reconsider the deal, citing concerns over sovereignty and territorial integrity. The region remains volatile, with tensions escalating as diplomatic efforts are underway to address the complex geopolitical implications of the port agreement.

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